This page covers Magnesium IV Therapy and explains its many benefits. IV League provides Magnesium mobile IV Therapy.
The body needs magnesium, a naturally occurring element, for various functions, particularly those related to nerves and muscles. All living cells require the mineral magnesium (Mg). The composition and operation of the human organism depend heavily on the earth metal. The average adult’s body has 25 grams of magnesium. The skeleton contains more than 60% of the body’s total magnesium, while muscle only contains roughly 27% of it.
Magnesium shortage can induce or worsen a number of illnesses, including fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. It can also cause spasms, anxiety, and tense muscles. Treatment for hypomagnesemia (low levels of magnesium in your blood) involves the injection of magnesium sulphate. Injections of magnesium sulphate are also used to prevent seizures in pregnant women who have medical problems such pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, or pregnancy-related toxaemia.
The neurological and muscular systems can work better when magnesium IV drip is used. Magnesium is required by your body for approximately 300 metabolic processes that are important for survival. Magnesium also functions as a calcium channel blocker in nature, which lessens the strain on the heart.
Magnesium sulphate competes with calcium for entry into cells during depolarization at the cellular level, perhaps lowering the excitability of cells and vasospasm of arteries. The physiologically acceptable range is 0.65–1.02 mmol/L.
What Are The Benefits Of Magnesium IV Therapy?
The creation of energy, healthy bones, and a healthy heart all depend on magnesium. People who are deficient in magnesium have muscle cramps, mental complexities, exhaustion, irregular heartbeats, and nausea.
Following are some of the benefits of IV Magnesium therapy:
- Aid in the adequate absorption of calcium
- A decreased risk of osteoporosis with tougher bones
- Enhancement in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity
- Relief and prevention of Headache
- Diminished risk of hypertension, arrhythmia & atherosclerosis
- Lessened neuropathic pain
- Reduced anxiety levels
- Assistance in getting rid from PMS symptoms
History Of Magnesium IV
Magnesium has been used as a medication for many centuries. Its original purpose—and the one it is still most frequently used for today—was therapeutic. Since the early 17th century, magnesium-rich waters (such those of the Epsom Spa) have been seen as therapeutic. The first case of magnesium poisoning was documented in 1891 when a 35-year-old woman experienced full muscular paralysis after consuming 4 ounces of Epsom salts. This case highlighted the dangers of consuming too much magnesium.
Theoretically, magnesium therapy has many advantages, ranging from cytoprotection for organs destined for donation to laxative and antacid therapy. However, the strongest supporting data comes from the usage of magnesium in cardiology and obstetrics.
What Are The Mechanisms Of Action For Magnesium IV?
The role of magnesium in almost every physiological system has been hypothesized. The regulation of energy transfer (such as the generation and operation of ATP, and controller of glycolysis and the Krebs cycle in oxidative phosphorylation) and membrane sealing or stabilization are three important underlying mechanisms of action. This prompted a number of investigations on the cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, and reproductive systems as well as the central and peripheral neurological systems.
The intracellular fluids’ second-most abundant cation is magnesium. Numerous enzyme systems depend on it to function, and it is crucial for neurochemical transmission and muscle excitability. Magnesium sulphate inhibits peripheral neuromuscular transmission and decreases striated muscle contractions by lowering acetylcholine release at the myoneural junction. Magnesium also blocks Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent, dihydropyridine-sensitive channels. This explains a large portion of its relaxing effect on vascular smooth muscle.
Magnesium has been utilized as an anticonvulsant and has a depressive impact at synapses in the neurological system. The competition between calcium and magnesium in the stimulus-secretion coupling mechanisms of transmitter release is related to the mechanism of action at synapses. Magnesium reduces the sensitivity of the postsynaptic receptor to acetylcholine, inhibits the presynaptic release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, and diminishes the excitability of the muscle fibre membrane. Vecuronium, rocuronium, and mivacurium’s effectiveness and longevity are all enhanced by magnesium sulphate. After administering routine doses of vecuronium to women taking magnesium sulphate, some case reports have revealed the need for nocturnal mechanical breathing. So, if nondepolarizing muscle relaxants are utilized, only very tiny doses should be given. It could be challenging to interpret responses to peripheral nerve stimulation in this situation. Due to worries of lingering postoperative neuromuscular blockade, many medical professionals refrain from using nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking medications in preeclamptic patients.
Magnesium can be used to treat neuronal hyperexcitability syndrome (NHS), which in humans causes symptoms of neuromuscular, autonomic, and psychological excitability. Interference with catecholamine release and storage is thought to be the mechanism. Additionally, magnesium loss brought on by catecholamines can worsen the situation in NHS by further depleting the ion from soft tissues.
The use of magnesium in immunology has been investigated; it has been proposed that in allergic rhinitis and asthma, intracellular calcium concentrations rise in response to IgE activation, leading to the release of histamine. Magnesium can counteract this. Magnesium inhibits bronchospasm in asthma, which necessitates elevated intracellular calcium. Below, we discuss this.
How Is Magnesium IV Used To Treat Migraine Headache?
When compared to people with tension headaches or no headaches at all, people with migraine headaches—including adolescents and teenagers—have lower magnesium levels on average. Additionally, a few clinical studies indicate that taking magnesium supplements may shorten the duration of migraines and lower the dosage required.
Oral magnesium may be a suitable substitute for prescription medication for patients who experience migraine headaches, according to some specialists. For migraine sufferers who cannot tolerate drugs due to adverse effects or who cannot use migraine meds due to pregnancy or heart illness, magnesium supplements may prove to be a welcome alternative.
When used as an adjuvant therapy for related symptoms in patients without aura or as an immediate treatment for migraine, intravenous magnesium sulphate (1000 mg magnesium intravenously) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the treatment of all symptoms in patients with aura. Recent research suggests that for the treatment of acute migraine headaches, magnesium sulphate is just as efficient and a fast-acting drug as the combination of dexamethasone/metoclopramide. The importance of magnesium supplements as an alternative to migraine medicines, however, requires further research.
How Is Magnesium IV Used To Treat Preeclampsia?
A significant increase in blood pressure during the third trimester of pregnancy is a defining feature of the illness known as preeclampsia. It is possible for preeclamptic women to experience seizures, which is referred to as eclampsia. The preferred method of treating or preventing seizures brought on by eclampsia is intravenously (IV or into the veins) supplied magnesium.
Magnesium sulphate may potentially operate as a central anticonvulsant, restrict the development of cerebral edoema, and protect the blood-brain barrier. Notably, magnesium was found to be more successful in treating eclampsia than nimodipine, a selective cerebral vasodilator, and phenytoin, an antiepileptic.
How Is Magnesium IV Used To Treat Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
A modest magnesium deficiency may cause symptoms including impatience, a short attention span, and mental disorientation in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In one clinical research, 95% of the kids with ADHD had low levels of the mineral magnesium.
Another clinical trial found that children with ADHD who got magnesium showed a substantial improvement in behavior, compared to those who received only normal therapy without magnesium. These findings imply that giving children with ADHD magnesium supplements may prove to be beneficial. Stimulants and atomoxetine, two common therapies for ADHD, work by stimulating and activating adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. Dopamine and serotonin, for example, interact with magnesium to reduce the release of norepinephrine caused by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), a neurotransmitter associated with ADHD. The findings of numerous research indicate a potential benefit for magnesium supplementation (e.g., 6 mg/kg BW per day) in the control of ADHD.
How Is Magnesium IV Used To Treat Diabetes?
Low blood magnesium levels are related to type 2 diabetes. A significant clinical investigation discovered that consuming more magnesium through diet may prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes. Magnesium was discovered to increase these individuals’ insulin sensitivity, lowering their likelihood of acquiring type 2 diabetes.
Similar findings have been seen in other clinical investigations, particularly among the elderly. Patients with diabetes who are magnesium deficient may become more prone to infections and diseases due to a lowered immune system. The Association for Magnesium Research’s most recent recommendations state that people with diabetes benefit from magnesium intake in four different ways: it increases insulin sensitivity, reduces calcium absorption, manages stress, and stabilises endothelium. The Association for Magnesium Research advises diabetics to take between 240 and 480 mg (10–20 mmol) of magnesium daily.
How Is Magnesium IV Used To Asthma?
According to a population study, both adults and children may be at risk for getting asthma if their diets are deficient in magnesium. Acute asthma attacks in both children and adults may be treated with intravenous and inhaled magnesium, according to several clinical studies. Other clinical investigations have demonstrated that long-term oral magnesium supplementation does not result in better asthma management in adults.
According to a recent Cochrane study, nebulized inhaled magnesium sulphate appears to offer benefits for enhanced pulmonary function in patients with severe asthma and there is a trend toward benefit in hospital admission in addition to beta2-agonist in the treatment of an acute asthma exacerbation.
Intravenous IV Magnesium vs. Oral Supplementation
The range of recommended daily magnesium intake for people in Europe has been determined to be 150–500 mg. Intake guidelines for magnesium in the United States have been established at 400–420 mg for men and 310–320 mg for women. In the United States, a value of 350 mg/day has been defined, although European health authorities have declared an acceptable upper consumption threshold for adults of 250 mg/day.
Magnesium sulphate can be administered orally (PO), intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), or intraosseously (IO) (IV). Magnesium sulphate contains 98.6 mg or 8.12Eq of elemental magnesium per gramme. Intravenous solutions made with magnesium sulphate can be made with water or 5% dextrose.
Intravenously: Magnesium sulfate can be given as an IV push, infusion, or additive to TPN.
Treatment of magnesium deficiency in hypomagnesaemia
- For intravenous administration, a concentration of 20% or less should be used; the rate of injection not exceeding 1.5ml/minute of a 10% solution or its equivalent.
- Up to 40g MgSO4 (equivalent to 160mmol Mg2+) by slow intravenous infusion (in glucose 5%) over up to 5 days, may be required to replace the deficit (allowing for urinary losses).
Mild magnesium deficiency
- 1g intramuscularly every 6 hours for 4 doses.
Severe magnesium deficiency
- Up to 250mg/kg intramuscularly given within a period of 4 hours or 5g/litre of infusion solution intravenously over 3 hours
Oral: Epsom salt, a type of magnesium sulphate that comes in capsule or powder form, can be mixed with water to create an oral solution. Oral magnesium consumption causes fluid osmotic changes that can ease constipation.
Molecular Structure of Magnesium IV
Molecular formula of magnesium is MgSO4 or MgO4S while its molecular weight is 120.37. IUPAC name of magnesium is magnesium;sulfate.
The molecular structure of magnesium is magnesium sulfate(IV) hexahydrate.
